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Comment: cleanup; details about libraries

Purpose

Purpose of This Page: Compare a number of Design Systems and see how well they meet a number of criteria.

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  • Visual comparison of data-heavy EMR screen (Patient Chart View) example from both Carbon and Lightning - Ciaran
  • Compare key points of using Carbon vs Lightnight with style guide vs design system approach - Brandon, Romain, Ciaran, (reach out to Brandon if interested in comparing technical pros/cons)
    • What people can do right away:
      • See and share the video tutorial Using CSS from Third Party Style Guides. This is an example of how we might easily pull from style guide into our own system via dev tools & copying CSS.  
        Widget Connector
        urlhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LeCJvXwMYD0
      • Look at Lightning & Carbon component blueprints - this is where newer devs would pull from to contribute more, faster. Please have a look—these are a way of making it easy to build styled components without introducing hard-to-manage dependencies into the application. https://www.lightningdesignsystem.com/components/overview/

Summary of Analysis

CriteriaBootstrapCarbonMaterialLightningADG
Overall Grade




tl;dr

Good responsiveness support if config guidance followed. Templates and grid system help with rapid set up.

More of a framework (e.g. with grid system); visual components need some refining for EMR context - more useful for SaaS website or online store offering. Not so much styles or components that speed things up.

Heavy - may perceptively impact loading time.

Clear documentation, including data visualization.

More white space - would be helpful to compare spacing on dense page btwn Carbon/Lightning.

Different UI. 

Bigger learning curve for devs. Google-maintained. Extensive documentation. Tries to bring designs to life with more dynamic options like animation. 

Possible to use just HTML/CSS? 

Proprietary font

Professional, enterprise tool oriented to professionals, by nature of being driven by Salesforce. Already has look and feel of an EMR. More data-heavy/less white space.

Simple. Strong HTML/CSS import support. May require web components. 

Proprietary font and icons - switching that out could have implications for weight of loading for users with low bandwidth

Has the CSS-only Lightning Component Blueprints if we don't want to use the component libraries.

Bridge between enterprise software and consumer facing software.
Noteable Strengths
  • Familiar to many devs
(Easy to  Learn)
  • Quick development
    • Mobile First / Responsive
    • Strong Documentation and Community Support
    • Bootstrap 5 to drop JQuery for VanillaJS
    Adds Responsive capabilities to pages using flexbox.
    Has a Great grid system
    • Huge community



    Very strong/clear web documentation on how things should be done

    • A lot of quick start elements with a search function for any of them 
    • Well defined Icons library with various alternatives
    desighn focused UI Dedicated team to offersupport fro IBM and open source community 
  • Great component with react compared to Bootstrap JS and react bootstrap . 
    • Extensive component library


    • Maintained by Google and therefore has extensive Documentation
    • Subtle skeuomorphism against flat design makes it easy for many users
    • Mobile
    -first sensibility
    • First / Responsive
    • Promotes animation in designs, both for user feedback and to hint at how different features function.
    • dark theme options have been made available (maybe good for analytics)
    • Familiar UI for many users
  • Framework agnostic
  • Comprehensive UI.
  • SalesForce
    • Huge community
    • Component library has self-contained CSS and tree-shakes well
    • Comprehensive UI
    • SalesForce constraints are similar to OpenMRS's:
      • Users are professionals
      • Extensive use of tables and lists (small or big)
      • Need for trends
      • Input forms
    • Simple design that looks professional.
    • No animations that could divert user's attention
    • Subtle skeuomorphism
    • Responsive
    • Component library has self-contained CSS and tree-shakes well

    Noteable Weaknesses or Differences
    • Monotony across all sites using bootstrap .(All sites using Bootstrap can easily be recognized  they all look the same ). This means a lot of customization is necessary.
    • Bootstrap sites can be heavy
    • JavaScript is tied to jQuery and is one of the commonest library which thus leaves most of the plugins unused (Thanks to Bootstrap 5 )
    Not Information about the UI system from users compared to Bootstrap. most of the useful resources are from IBM . 
    • Grid system is basically redundant with CSS Grid
    • Very little design guidance—just some easily reproducible "styles" that can be applied to basic components.
    • Both react-bootstrap and reactstrap rely on global CSS to be imported
    • Relatively small community
    • Relies on global CSS to be imported
    • Component libraries don't tree-shake well
    • According to Adam Butterworth carbon
    has
    • had the following weaknesses in January 2019
      • Compiling SCSS on save takes more time than expected

    .
    Nearly 10s.
      • (
    Which is annoying)(
      • Minor)
     Cannot
      •  Cannot pass className through DataTable to element nodes.
      • It seems that spacing and layout are mostly left to the app developer
      • most elements have zeroed-out margins.
      • Carbon leverages an import-once mixin to prevent multiple imports of the same scss file which may be responsible for slow compilation time .
      • Accessibility gap in React version of dropdown (V2 is on the way, not sure if it addresses it)
      • Documentation for React Components is not ideal.
      • More can be read Here
    • Material Design is immediately identifiable and is strongly associated with Google and, specifically, Android.
    • There is  a learning curve. Beginners may find that the Material Design specification is more complicated and harder to implement than other styles like flat design.(Material Design system is so comprehensive, there are a lot more things to consider and adhere to than many new devs / designers may be comfortable with)
    .May limit creativity since it's too comprehensiveNo carbon is mainly usable with 
    • .
    • There are also some usability issues in Material Design that can make websites and apps very user-unfriendly .One of them is “mystery meat” navigation encountered on many sites and mobile apps(it puts emphasis on aesthetics versus text which gives a bad user experience)
    Documentation not as clear for getting started.

    Are all necessary components already there?

    (relative to Base Set of Components)

    Missing core data table support (may be options via plugins)

    No header

    No card view

    according to Ayeshmantha Perera

    "So carbon. I used carbon angular for another project called zowe (LF). It seems it is not stabilized yet a lot of things including docs needs to be stable. So I looked into the style guide as well but there were times I couldn't figure out things and had to mix and match components with other component frameworks.So I can say bootstrap is in the front from these two "

    Missing core data table supportYes. At first glance it seems that all components at there (see table below)

    Is the default style acceptable?

    (Can be adjusted with minimum effort; friendly for end users/used to what end-users see in their daily lives; responsiveness)



    Mobile-first. Doesn't perform well on desktops. Default style is clear and uses fairly pale colors, which matches OpenMRS 3.0 design guidelines of a UI with less disturbance for the user.

    Is it framework agnostic?

    (Usable without framework lock-in)

    Adefault styledefault style

    Not coupled to any frameworks

    Yes, probably has libraries for all the frameworks we'll ever use.Yes, has libraries for
    however, in case of But comes also with:

    and for other frameworks, components can be built following this guideline  

    https://www.carbondesignsystem.com/get-started/develop/other-frameworks

    Yes

    The SLDS is a pure CSS framework

    ---

    No doubt

    Component Blueprints: Yes. Pure HTML/CS.

    Component libraries: Sort of; only officially for React and Angular.

    React: https://react.lightningdesignsystem.com/getting-started/

    Angular: https://ng-lightning.github.io/ng-lightning/#/

    ...

    Which therefore allows for granular changes on any item.

    Is it easily configurable?

    (Can style easily for RefApp or whatever org/branding you want to have; how it can be customized; how it works (out of the box vs. possibilities, e.g., could we have CSS variables that would allow runtime configuration)

    Presumably

    According to experience and user experience, while carbon is a great UI , is not easily configurable.

    for example this comment "

    • Changing the font family is difficult. This leads me to believe IBM has designed this for internal products only since it's using IBM Helvetica.
    • Not all components have theme variables. Seems like few do actually. (https://www.carbondesignsystem.com/guidelines/themes)"

    All CSS selectors are prefixed with .slds

    Depends how we use itDepends how we use it

    Implementation considerations

    • Stability of API
    • Documentation

    A

    Already used by ___

    Documentation is available from IBM carbon team 

    https://www.carbondesignsystem.com/


    Documentation harder to use (JJ to expand?)
    Cost
    The UI is Free and partly open Source 
    Free and Open Source
    User Interviews: Community Developers

     from Ayeshmantha Perera "

    I worked with both carbon by ibm and bootstrap.

    I would say bootstrap is very matured.So I mainly worked with bootstrap on migrating ref app to bootstrap with openmrs.Prior that as well on some other work.Normally its a pretty norm to use in any web app u develop in these days.And I like the backward compatibility it has with the previous versions. Now there will be a new release.

    So carbon.I used carbon angular for another project call zowe (LF). It seems it is not stabilized yet lot of things including docs needs to be stable. So I looked in to the styleguide as well but there were times I couldnt figure out things and had to mix and match components with other component frameworks .So I can say bootstrap is in the front from these two"




    User Interviews: Implementation Leads




    User Interviews: End Users




    Base Set of Components

    Compare systems' available components with a list of components we rely on.

    ...