An ORU_R01 message is responsible for transmitting patient results.
In OpenMRS, A ORU_R01 message will model one or many encounters, each which may contain one or many Observations (results)
An ORu_r01 message may contain the following segments (Refer http://www.corepointhealth.com/resource-center/hl7-resources/hl7-oru-message)
SEGMENT/GROUP |
NAME |
OPTIONAL/REPEATABLE? |
MSH |
Message header Required |
|
ResultsGroup – Repeatable group, includes groups that follow (unless otherwise noted): |
|
|
PatientGroup – Optional group |
|
|
PID |
Patient identification |
Required |
PID1 |
Patient demographics |
Optional |
NTE |
Notes and comments |
Optional, Repeatable |
PatientVisitGroup – Optional group, part of PatientGroup |
|
|
PV1 |
Patient visit |
Required |
PV2 |
Patient visit – additional info |
Optional |
OrderGroup – Repeatable group |
|
|
ORC |
Common order |
Optional |
OBR |
Observation request |
Required |
NTE-1 |
Notes and comments |
Optional, Repeatable |
ObservationGroup –Repeatable group, part of OrderGroup |
|
|
OBX |
Observation Optional |
|
NTE-2 |
Notes and comments |
Optional, Repeatable |
OrderGroup continued |
|
|
CTI |
Clinical trial identification |
Optional, Repeatable |
Additional segment, not part of a group: |
|
|
DSC |
Continuation pointer segment |
Optional |
However, not all of these segments are importaint.
Important segments are-
MSH
PID
PVI
ORC
OBR
OBX
The MSH segment
The MSH Segment transmits the message’s source, purpose, destination, and certain syntax specifics.
It does not contain any patient centric data.
For a more detailed description, see here (http://www.corepointhealth.com/resource-center/hl7-resources/hl7-msh-message-header)
A sample MSH segment may look as follows :
<MSH>
<MSH.1>|</MSH.1>
<MSH.2>^~\&</MSH.2>
<MSH.3>
Sending Application
</MSH.3>
<MSH.4>
<HD.1>Sending Facility</HD.1>
</MSH.4>
<MSH.5>
Receiving Application
</MSH.5>
<MSH.6>
<HD.1>Receiving Facility</HD.1>
</MSH.6>
<MSH.7>
<TS.1>Date/Time of Message</TS.1>
</MSH.7>
<MSH.9>
<MSG.1>ORU</MSG.1>
<MSG.2>R01</MSG.2>
<MSG.3>ORU_R01</MSG.3>
</MSH.9>
<MSH.10>Message Control Id</MSH.10>
<MSH.11>
<PT.1>D</PT.1>
<PT.2>C</PT.2>
</MSH.11>
<MSH.12>
<VID.1>2.5</VID.1>
<VID.2>
<CE.1>RWA</CE.1>
</VID.2>
</MSH.12>
</MSH>
The PID Segment
The PID (patient identification) segment contains a host of patient information such as patient ID number, patient sex, address, marital status and citizenship.
For a more detailed description, see here (http://www.corepointhealth.com/resource-center/hl7-resources/hl7-pid-segment)
<PID>
<PID.3> <!-- PID.3 segments can be repeated. They represent patient identifier and identifier type pairs -->
<CX.1>1234</CX.1>
<CX.5>ECID</CX.5>
</PID.3>
<PID.3>
<CX.1>1235</CX.1>
<CX.5>PID</CX.5>
</PID.3>
<PID.5> <!-- PID.5 segments can be repeated. They represent patient names. Since each patient can have many names, each PID.5 segment can contain one of these -->
<XPN.1>
<FN.1>Patient</FN.1>
</XPN.1>
<XPN.2>John</XPN.2>
</PID.5>
<!-- PID.6 Date of birth -->
<!-- PID.7 Patients sex -->
<!-- PID.11 Patient address -->
</PID>
The PV1 segment
The PV1 Segment contains information on patient visits
<PV1>
<PV1.2>0</PV1.2>
<PV1.3>
<PL.1>1</PL.1>
<PL.4>
<HD.1>Unknown Location</HD.1>
</PL.4>
</PV1.3>
<PV1.4>ADULTINITIAL</PV1.4>
<PV1.7>
<XCN.1>2</XCN.1>
<XCN.2>
<FN.1>Hornblower</FN.1>
</XCN.2>
<XCN.3>Horatio</XCN.3>
</PV1.7>
<PV1.44>
<TS.1>201206270137</TS.1>
</PV1.44>
</PV1>
Next come the ORC, OBR and OBX segments.
One ORU_R01 mesage can contain only a single ORC segment.
An OBX segment represents a single Observation.
OBR segments can be used to group observations.
Therefore, an ORU_R01 message which contains an encounter with two grouped observations can be represented with the following structure -
<ORC> <!-- One ORC segment per each ORU_R01 --> <OBR> <!-- OBR for the obs grouping -- > <OBX> <!-- two obs which belong to the Obs group --> <OBR>
An Encounter with two pairs of Observation groupings can be represented as follows -
<ORC> <OBR> <OBX> <OBR> <OBR> <OBX> <OBR>
A sample OBX segment is as follows,
<OBX>
<OBX.1>6</OBX.1>
<OBX.2>NM</OBX.2>
<OBX.3>
<CE.1>1234</CE.1>
<CE.2>NEUTROPHILS</CE.2>
<CE.3>LOCAL</CE.3>
</OBX.3>
<OBX.5>45.0</OBX.5>
<OBX.6>
<CE.1>%</CE.1>
<CE.3>ucum</CE.3>
</OBX.6>
<OBX.14>
<TS.1>20120627013717</TS.1>
</OBX.14>
</OBX>